The structure of the electroplating bath varies according to the production situation and the nature of the process. The commonly used electroplating baths mainly have the following structural forms.
(1) Cold water tank: generally welded with carbon steel, or welded with rigid PVC plastic plate to make a rectangular container. The upper part of this tank is provided with an overflow port, and the lower part has a drain port. The overflow port is to remove the dirt on the water surface, and the drain port is reserved for changing the water to clean the tank, or not. It is used for pickling sinks, made of plastic, and the inner wall made of carbon steel needs to be lined with rubber or covered with fiberglass.
(2) Hot water tank: Similar in structure to the cold water tank, the difference is that it is equipped with heating facilities, and its overflow size is slightly larger than that of the cold water tank. The hot water tank is mostly welded with carbon steel. If anti-corrosion treatment is required, it can be lined with soft plastic, glass fiber reinforced plastic or rubber lined sheet. This type of lined plating tank is more commonly used, which not only ensures rigidity, strength, but also anti-corrosion performance.
(3) Acid solution plating tank: The acid solution is highly corrosive, and the plating tank made of carbon steel must be treated with anti-corrosion treatment, lined with polypropylene plastic plate, PP, PTFE, lined with glass fiber reinforced plastic or lined with hard rubber plate (Sl001) It can also be welded with hard polypropylene plastic plates. Its heating tube can be selected from titanium tube or fluoroplastic heating tube.
(4) Electrochemical degreasing tank and alkaline plating tank: Since the alkaline solution can be made of anti-corrosion fluoroplastics, it has strong anti-corrosion performance.
(5) Chemical degreasing tank (alkali tank): its solution is alkaline solution, and its working temperature is 70~800℃. The tank is mostly made of carbon steel. Due to the high temperature, the outer wall of the plating tank should have a thermal insulation layer.
(6) Cathode moving electroplating tank: According to the requirements of the electroplating process, the plating and degreasing processes such as zinc plating, copper plating and nickel plating require the cathode to move continuously, with horizontal reciprocating movement or vertical movement up and down. Horizontal movement is suitable for various plating tanks, and vertical movement is suitable for degreasing tanks. This requires a means of moving the cathode on the electroplating bath. It should be noted that effective insulation should be carried out between the cathode moving device and the bracket.
(7) Chrome plating tank: It can be made into rectangle or cylinder according to the application. Rectangles are suitable for chrome plating of decorative parts with larger loading capacity; cylindrical plating tanks are suitable for mechanical parts with larger size and precise coating thickness. Such as functional chrome plating (hard chrome) such as rods, shafts, bushings, etc., four or six anodes are installed on the tank, and four or six anode plates are hung on the seat, which can prevent the ellipse and taper of the plated parts. The current density used in chrome plating is relatively high, the volume of the plating tank should be designed according to the load of the power supply, and the electricity passing through the solution should generally not exceed 1.5A/L. It can be made by welding carbon steel, and needs to be treated with anti-corrosion. Generally, the chrome plating solution can be lined with lead plate or lined with lead or lined with titanium. The composite chrome plating solution is treated with lead enamel with alloy electrodes with a mass fraction of 70010 and a mass fraction of 30010 tin, which can improve the corrosion resistance of the lining layer.
In order to stabilize the temperature of the plating solution, the chrome plating tank needs to be heated and cooled, and it is better to use a steam bath for heating. The method is to put the tank containing the plating solution into another larger tank, and form a water jacket between the two tanks. The steam and water are introduced into the water jacket from the diffuser pipe (distributor) at the bottom. The upper part of the outer electroplating tank is provided with an overflow pipe, which is connected with the drainage ditch by a rubber hose, and the overflow water enters the drainage ditch. The temperature of the plating tank is high, and there should be a thermal insulation layer.
There are many types of electroplating tanks. The above are several commonly used plating tank structures. For large-sized tanks, the structural strength should be considered according to the actual situation.
